Swot Cheesecake Factory Essay Example

Swot: Cheesecake Factory Essay The Cheesecake factory founded in 1972 by Evelyn and Oscar Overton has been one of the most famous family eatery in America. Just the name along sets it apart as an iconic and delectable place, you can tell that cheese cakes are just one of many of the restaurants specialties that it has to offer. Back in Detroit within the 1940s Evelyn created her own original recipe for cheese cake where Evelyn and Oscar open there own cheese cake shop together. That’s until Evelyn gave birth to their kids David and Renee where they closed up shop to focus on their family. Though never giving up on her passion of baking Evelyn supplied the local restaurants with her original take on cheesecake which was in high demand. Into the couples 50s they moved to los angels and with their last savings opened up a restaurant and dubbed it the cheese cake factory. The years werent favorable and hard but they persevered, and in 1975 that led to expansions and opening of newer locations left and right, Evelyn’s recipes of cheese cakes grew to over 20 varieties and other desserts. The company grew so much that Oscar had to hire truck drivers to accommodate the out of state customers. We will write a custom essay sample on Swot: Cheesecake Factory specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Swot: Cheesecake Factory specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Swot: Cheesecake Factory specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Than in 1978 David Overton (son of Oscar and Evelyn) open up the first cheese cake factory restaurant in Beverly hills with little knowledge but a strive and intuition of making a great restaurant expertise perfect with generous portions and unlimited inventive menu selection the cheese cake factory was a success and within 30years later and over 100+ restaurants the cheese cake factory grew to the momentum house hold name it is today; Growing from a small kitchen in Oscar and Evelyn’s basement to stand as a place that is a must to dine in didn’t come without its trials and tribulations. Though without much sorrow and having Evelyn’s famous cheesecake grew in clientele that stretch from Detroit throughout California spear heading the restaurant, and with David Overton taking the intuitive to help his family dream into house hold name. As it stood the test of time with many highs and lows the cheese cake factory is a well known establishment in the states, as place with great food at excitable prices but still must all ways strive to meet the growing public needs and beat out the competition. To ensure the business is at an up keep companies utilize SWOT; SWOT refers to strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. SWOT is a process where the management or financial team identifies the internal and external factors that will affect the company’s future performance. The company’s strengths and weaknesses are the internal factors. Opportunities and threats deal with factors external to the company-environmental factors. SWOT is done as part of the overall corporation planning process in which financial and operational goals are set for the upcoming years and strategies are created to accomplish these goals. My beliefs on the cheese cake factory SWOT analyst would be the following. The cheese cake factory strengthens as of today are that the brand stands strong at 164 strong in over 36 states, 13 being fine dining restaurant as grand luxe cafe two full scale bakeries and 1 Pan Asian restaurant named rock sugar. An American style restaurant with a humble beginning of making cheesecakes from an oven in their basement selling them to local restaurants to being a household family name, Prides themselves on their world famous cheese cakes that has help make it the ninth largest restaurant company in the United States measured by market capitalization. The restaurant established the future chains pattern of offering an eclectic menu, big portions, and signature dessert dishes. The cheesecake factory continues to set mile stones for itself and distances from its competitors. As a leader for how franchise restaurants should be monopolize, strength in numbers backed with history and wholesome food, iconic name and signature dish. With any giants strengths there’s always there weaknesses. Though the cheese cake factory has accomplish a lot in their time though the multitude of stores lack their own look it’s the same ball and chain aside from their grand luxe restaurants modeled after Italian, French, and Austrian styles. The Cafe offers, in addition to American and European-style food, Thai, Malaysian, Caribbean cuisine, and others. With that being said if there isn’t change in the stores the menu though has grown with the times well over 200+ options to choose from isn’t user friendly and can have a longer wait time getting the guest in and out in a timely matter. speaking more on the menu is the overall weakness that have been criticize by Robert Bishop Oct 26, 2010 in men’s health magazine That the average sandwich at the restaurant contains 1,400 calories and their heavy promotion of large servings of high calorie and high fat foods, and a corresponding lack of healthy menu options. For these reasons, the chain was dubbed the worst family restaurant in America . Also a recent study shows that The United States Department of Agricultures Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion states in its dietary guidelines that a typical adult should consume about 2,000 calories and no more than 20 grams of saturated fat per day Cheesecake Factorys Bistro Shrimp Pasta dish had more calories than any other entree from a national chain restaurant at 3,120 calories, with 89 grams of saturated fat. The 2013 report from the Center for Science in the Public Interest also noted that The Cheesecake Factorys Crispy Chicken Costoletta has more calories (2,610) than a 12-piece bucket of fried chicken from KFC. Though the cheese cake factory is doing well for now their weakness of having such an unhealthy menu will bring about problems of health to the general public. From what I have gathered from Cheesecake factories SWOT analysis I can say that their strength is that the company is a wholesome American family corp. With over 160 restaurants under its belt has expanded into fine dining and is breaching culture cuisine boundaries in its expansions. As well the cheese cake factory is best known for their signature dishes the cheese cake an original recipe is still unmatched but always sought after. Their main weakness is that most items on the menu aren’t healthy one meal is taking in the total intake in calories for an adult for an entire day. Which more and of the public is getting wind of from the media. Once one company broadcast that they are adding a healthier menu than consumers will start looking more into what other restaurants offer health wise. Especially families which are mostly the big contributors in most family orientated restaurants. So I propose that with their name and surplus of restaurants they could practice cooking healthier items and substituting the materials they use in the meals with alterative products. By experimenting in the many restaurants to see if the consumers can see the difference in the meals taste, the restaurant would be under scrutiny into the transition before making it public. There’s nothing worse than a change, taking place that can result loss for the company. By doing so believe will give the cheesecake factory a leading edge.

Fall of Weimar Republic essays

Fall of Weimar Republic essays In 1919, a defeated Germany was forced to abandon government under the Kaiser, who had fled to Belgium and adopt the Weimar, a democratic but flawed system. Soon after Hitler and the Nazi Party appeared, and years later the Weimar Republic fell. What accounted for the fall of the Weimar? My essay will prove that there was not a single reason, but in fact a series of events that lead to the collapse of the Weimar. President Ebert used the Freikorp, who were a rightwing mercenary unit, to put down the Spartacus uprising, a communist inspired revolution. After that, Ebert was always seen as an enemy in the eyes of the extreme left, and so consequently the government he represented, Weimar, was also seen in the same light. Next, the Kapp Putsch saw Dr. Kapp, leader of the Freikorp and an extreme right-winger, try to take control of Berlin with his mercenaries. This time Ebert used the moderate leftwing in the form of the trade unions, to put down the revolt, by calling a general strike in the region. This would result in the rightwing becoming against the new republic, along with leftwing groups. But possibly the greatest threat for early Weimar Germany was the Treaty of Versailles. The treaty left the Weimar with a massive debt that she was unlikely to repay. The problems that were handed to the new government and the events that occurred as the new Republic was created can be seen as a fa ctor that lead to its eventually downfall. Weimar Republics type of government caused another problem. Its parliamentary system was proportional representation, allowing small, localized parties, such as the Nazis and Bavarian Peoples Party, to gain seats in the Reichstag, gaining national recognition and prestige. No party ever gained majority government during the history of the Republic, and this weakened the government. Proportional representation was responsible for a series of coalition governments, which ruled Germany t...

C-Difficile Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

C-Difficile - Research Paper Example Moreover, outbreaks of C. difficile infection in Canada and U.S.A. have been linked with the highly resistant and virulent strain of the bacterium, NAP-I/027 and have been found resistant to the fluoroquinolones drug treatment (Allday 2012 para 3; Aktories & Wilkins 2000 p. 1 & 2; Talley et al 2010 n.p.). The microbiology of C. difficile, the pathophysiology of infection in humans, clinical presentation, risk factors, diagnostic strategies and preventive measures will be discussed. The microbiological study of C. difficile has brought forward some significant features about the bacterium. It is an anaerobic bacterium which means that it requires oxygen for its survival and spore-bearing. It stains mostly Gram-positive and has a length variation of 3-5 um. Animal reservoirs for C. difficile have been located but no direct association with human infection has been established. C. difficile spreads in the infants and neonates predominantly by nosocomial infection rather than vertical transmission. An important aspect is that infants up to the age of 12 months are protected from the diarrheal symptoms, probably because they lack the receptors required for the toxin action. The bacteria spread mostly from contact with contaminated skin, food items, clothes or any other surface. C. difficile spreads from the feces of an infected person to the healthy individuals. (Aktories & Wilkins 2000 p. 2-5; Allday 2012 para 12). The spores produced by the bacteria are orally in gested by the humans leading to the formation of C. difficile colonies in the gut. The infected individuals develop Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea while some also remain asymptomatic and show no active infection. C. difficile produces two exotoxins- A and B- which cause disruption of the epithelium of the colon by binding to the epithelial cells. The production of inflammatory cells and cytokines leads to mucosal inflammation and small ulcer formation in the gut (Talley et al 2010 n.p.). The clinical features of the C. difficile infection are described as watery, non-bloody diarrhea and episodes of abdominal pain. Severe infections can lead to development of ileus and even shock. Non-specific signs include low-grade fever, dehydration and abdominal tenderness. A criterion to describe the severity of the infection involves the parameters of age, temperature, albumin level, WBC count, endoscopy findings and treatment in intensive care unit. A score of greater than or equal to 2 within 48 hours is designated as severe Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (Talley et al 2010 n.p.). The risk factors for C. difficile infection mainly focus on the elderly population, people taking antibiotic or antacid therapy or those with a prolonged stay in hospital environments. According to a report, recurrence was found to be higher in those who were taking medications that were H2 receptor blockers (Worcester 2012 para 1- 3). People above the age of 65 years are at high risk for severe or complicated infection. Other risk factors include tube feeding within 2 months, immunosuppression and excessive usage of broad-spectrum antibiotics (Talley et al 2010 n.p.). Enzyme immunoassay is the standard test for the diagnosis of the C. difficile toxins A and B in the stool samples. The test results are available within 24 hours. Colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy is helpful in

Mid sized corporation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mid sized corporation - Research Paper Example Therefore it would be ethical to settle the case with Mr. Larry and also to pay him certain amount of money as a result of which he doesn’t reveal the secrets of the company. However certain policies like termination, penalty or certain other strict punishment must be imposed upon him if this happens in the near future (Herman, 2010). If he is not stopped from doing so then there are chances that he may repeat these kinds of activities. As the company is under at-will state which states that the employees can quit at any time as well as the employer can fire an employee at any time for any reason (Runkell, n.d.). Hence if this is repeated in the near future the company has the right to terminate him as per the law. Herman, S., (2010). Male Sexual Harassment Claims on the Rise. Addressing Male Sexual Harassment in the Workplace. Retrieved Online on October 1, 2010 from http://www.hrmreport.com/news/male-sexual-harassment-claims-rising/ Ricadela, A., (2010). HP’s Former CEO Said to Settle with Sexual-Harassment Accuser. Bloomberg. Retrieved Online on October 1, 2010 from

Gay Marriage legistration in California Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gay Marriage legistration in California - Essay Example In California the state used to grant licenses to same sex couples but this service was discontinued shortly after its implementation. The process of granting licenses for gay marriages was started in June 2008 and due to the reformed constitutions and policies it was ceased in November 2008. This act was led by Supreme Court of California due to the passage of preposition 8 (Wilcox 66). Since March 2011, gay marriage laws in California are in a state of instability. Vaughn R.Walker, the federal judge of the state of California declared preposition 8 as unconstitutional. However, his appeal stayed pending- although the law which was formed to ban gay marriages or same sex marriages was overturned but still gay marriages were declared to be illegal (Utter 113). History of gay marriages in California In February 2004, the laws of the city of San Francisco granted permission for issuing licenses to the couples undergoing gay marriages. Before the first grant of license several hearings were called up to the supreme court of California. There on in august 2004, the court declared that the city and county of San Francisco had no right to authorize gay marriages through any legal license. Therefore, following the verdict- the license granted to already same sex married couples was rejected and banned (Lee 67). Around November 2006, several parties appealed to the court of California for the numerous cases dealing with same sex marriages. In 2008 four to three decision took effect. There comes a constitution which banned gay marriages totally, it came in November 2008, it was called proposition 8, the Marriage Recognition and Family Protection Act (Researcher 97). In current situation, the laws relating to gay marriage are in the state of flux in California with numerous cases in front of the courts. The current governor of California supports the legal same sex marriages and equality California. Their government has decided to overturn proposition 8 in the 2012 elect ion. Proposition 8 Proposition 8 is a provision to change the constitution of California and give further details of a valid marriage. In November 2008, it was clearly stated that a marriage between man and woman would only be considered lawful and valid in California. After the passage of the proposition, there were numerous beings who agreed with it but several of them voted against this proposition. Soon after the enactment, the federal judge of California State declared this proposition 8 as unconstitutional. Then 9th circuit court of appeals asked fro the stay on same sex marriages in California in 2010 the pending appeal. There on considerations were conducted on gay marriages and the California supreme court announced that same sex marriages and couples would remain legally married before proposition 8 passed (Wilcox 188). Affects of gay marriages in Californian society There are many social evils in our society and some of the major problems which have to face by the economy if every country. The birth rate in every country is always much more so it should decreased for the betterment of the country. The second generation people are old in fact in many countries they are not given with any respect. However, in the present situation and time the rate of growth of homosexual people has increased a lot which creates the worst thinking in the youth mind. Homosexuality is the psychic of an individual in which s/he got in a pray of love with same sex (Brock 57). In some

Gadolinium-based Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesis

Gadolinium-based Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesis SAMRAT MAZUMDAR Abstract Cancer is by far one of the most challenging diseases for centuries. In the US, it accounts for over a million deaths annually and is expected to rise in the coming future. Therefore, there is vital need to develop novel strategies, which can help in combating the disease at any level. Metallic nanoparticles present an interesting view, which can function as both therapeutic and diagnostic agents due to their unique properties. The main motive of the proposed work is development of gadolinium based magnetic nanoparticles, followed by their surface functionalization which may improve imaging and targeting outcomes. Doped Gadolinium nanoparticles will be prepared by co-precipitation method for optimum magnetic properties. The synthesized particles will be subjected to functionalization with suitable group for specific target in nature for cancer cells. Eventually,  in-vitro  studies will be carried out to validate the hyperthermia effect on cancer cells. 1. Introduction Overview Although, it is difficult to define cancer, but in simple terms, it is a group of related diseases which is characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation and spread, mostly due to loss of control in the cell cycle (Pà ©rez-Herrero and Fernà ¡ndez-Medarde, 2015). The most commonly detected cancers are lung cancer, breast cancer and skin cancer, etc. A variety of factors contributes to the disease progression, such as genetic changes, infections and exposure to carcinogens. In general, cancer is detected/diagnosed by various techniques like, blood tests, X-ray imaging, Computed Tomography (CT) scanning and Endoscopy etc. Conventional treatment strategies include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, they possess numerous limitations especially dose-related side effects and toxicity (Brigger et al., 2002). Currently, researchers are looking towards newer approaches which are selective, non-invasive, non-toxic and effective. These efforts are led to the development o f experimental cancer therapies. These not only improves the curing rate but also, act as a supplement to the conventional therapies. However, it is still early to state that these alternatives can completely replace the existing treatment strategies and its effectiveness in clinical settings, are yet to be determined. Alternative approaches include Gene therapy (Vile et al., 2000), Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) (Dougherty et al., 1998), Hyperthermia (Urano, 1999) ,Targeted Nano-medicines (Xu et al., 2015). Recently, a tremendous amount of research is being carried out in the field of hyperthermia due to encouraging results and its potential for significantly lowered toxicity. Hyperthermia â€Å"Hyperthermia† is a very ancient technique which is now regaining popularity in the field of oncology (Seegenschmiedt and Vernon, 1995). It involves the use of heat energy to elevate the temperature inside a tumour tissue and subsequently kill the cancer cells. The desired temperature range for hyperthermia is 42 °-44 °C which is, greater than the physiological temperature (Wust et al., 2002).There is a variety of factors governing the effectiveness of hyperthermia which includes thermal variables, device characteristics, frequency, current and tumour morphology (Valdagni et al., 1988). At temperatures below 41 °C, blood flow increases while tissue oxygenation increases above 41 °C providing a dual effect against tumour. Once temperatures are increased above 42.5 °C-43 °C, the exposure time can be halved for every 1 °C rise to provide a similar heating efficiency however, excessive heating should be avoided. The heating device used for hyperthermia should be versatile, comfortable as well capable of exhibiting uniform heating patterns. The applied frequencies may range from 5-500 KHz (Lacroix et al., 2008) while a current of about 100-800A might be sufficient for heating. Studies suggest that enlarged tumour with poor vasculature might be more susceptible to heat treatment (Kim et al., 1982). Hyperthermia has a radiosensitizing effect which can be advantageous in combination with radiotherapy since most radioresistant cells are heat sensitive. Classification of Hyperthermia Direct heating/Extracellular method Heat is applied by means of external sources such as thermostatic water bath, infrared sauna and ultrasound. This approach is limited by the presence of biological barriers which is responsible for insulation. Therefore, excess heat is required to achieve the same which can trigger side effects (burns, bleeding). Indirect heating/Intracellular method – Provides a safer and effective means through the injection of nanoparticles followed by their internalization (Ningthoujam et al., 2012).Ex. Magnetic hyperthermia. Mechanism of Hyperthermia Primarily, hyperthermia induce apoptosis, necrosis or autophagy through multiple pathways to cells (Hurwitz and Stauffer, 2014). Reports suggest that it can deliver a higher amount of oxygen into the hypoxic tumour region through changes in blood perfusion. Generally, tumour cells express lower concentration of Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) in comparison to normal cells. Therefore, HSP-peptide complex levels can be increased significantly by the application of hyperthermia, further leading to anti-tumour immunity response (Kobayashi et al., 2014). Magnetic Hyperthermia In order to prevent damage to surrounding healthy tissues from the hyperthermia effect, nanoparticles should be confined to a defined area (tumour region). These are achieved through targeting of nanoparticles by functionalization and application of magnetic fields to specified regions (Baà ±obre-Là ³pez et al., 2013). Metallic magnetic nanoparticles under the influence of oscillating magnetic field undergo a change in magnetic moment attributed to Neel and Brownian fluctuations. These fluctuations are responsible for heat generation through friction, which might be effective in damaging the cancer cells. Limitations of Magnetic Hyperthermia There are technical problems which may act as a barrier towards effective treatment. The two main aspects include uniform heat distribution and desired target temperature (Brusentsova et al., 2005). Treatment might be a failure in case of insufficient thermal dose .There are no well-defined methods used to evaluate the temperature distribution in the target area but, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can be used to generate a temperature profile corresponding to hyperthermia. MRI can also be helpful in tracking the release of drug from a formulation (Tashjian et al., 2008). MRI Contrast Agents In the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) system, most of the magnetic materials (iron based materials) act as T2 contrast agents which give rise to darkened image/negative contrast. Subsequently, this is mode is useful for tracking purpose. However, there are a few disadvantages which limit their usability in clinical settings. Firstly, the dark images accompanied by low signal intensity may often lead to misdiagnosis and secondly, the large magnetic susceptibility can produce MRI artifacts making it increasingly difficult to determine the exact state of the injury or damage. T1 contrast agents (Gadolinium, Manganese) provide a brighter signal, which can be easily observed in the MRI due to their paramagnetic nature which do not disrupt the magnetic homogeneity (Gallo and Long, 2015). Through nanotechnology, it is also possible to simultaneously carry out imaging and drug delivery further, overcoming the limitations posed by the conventional system. 2. Hypothesis/Rationale The paramagnetic Gadolinium exhibits excellent MRI imaging capabilities which can be exploited for several purposes and possesses high magnetic moment. Due to its limited inter-atomic interactions, it is unable produce hyperthermia. We hypothesize that by modifying the properties of gadolinium, it may serve a dual purpose i.e. hyperthermia and imaging. Furthermore, these particles can be tagged with various targeting moieties or loaded with anti-cancer drugs to increase the effectiveness of the therapy. 3. Objectives On the basis of above background, the objectives are as follows. Synthesis and Optimization of Gadolinium-based ferrite nanoparticles. Surface modification of prepared nanoparticles. Folate conjugation to the modified surface coating. Optimization of hyperthermia Characterization and in-vitro studies 4. Plan of work 4.1 Synthesis and Optimization of Gadolinium-based ferrite nanoparticles Gadolinium based ferrite nanoparticles will be synthesised using suitable mechanisms such as chemical co-precipitation method and optimized. 4.2 Surface modification of prepared nanoparticles Surface modification will be carried out by layer by layer (LBL) synthesis. 4.3 Folate conjugation to the modified surface coating Since most cancer cells overexpress folate receptor, folic acid will be conjugated to nanoparticles through amine functionalization. 4.4 Optimization of hyperthermia The process will be optimized by monitoring the parameters affecting it. 4.5 Characterization and in-vitro studies 4.5.1 Characterization The developed nanoparticle will be characterized by the following techniques. Particle size analysis -Zetasizer. Chemical Composition determination-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Structural and Crystalline analysis- X-ray Diffraction pattern. Surface Morphology-Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy. Magnetic Property Testing- Vibrating Sample Magnetometry. 4.5.2 In vitro studies Cytotoxicity studies – MTT Assay will be performed to assess the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of nanoparticles. In-vitro hyperthermia studies with cancer cell lines Cellular uptake studies- Performed using Transmission electron microscopy and Electron Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Magnetic Resonance Imaging studies. 5. Expected Outcomes The developed nanoparticles might exhibit Improved magnetic hyperthermia in comparison to unmodified gadolinium particle. Target localization may be observed through Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 6. Future Prospects Based on in-vitro results in-vivo studies can be performed in animals. This treatment modality can be combined with Photodynamic Therapy and Chemotherapy for better results. 7. References Baà ±obre-Là ³pez, M., Teijeiro, A. Rivas, J. 2013. Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Hyperthermia For Cancer Treatment. Reports Of Practical Oncology Radiotherapy, 18, 397-400. Brigger, I., Dubernet, C. Couvreur, P. 2002. Nanoparticles In Cancer Therapy And Diagnosis. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 54, 631-651. Brusentsova, T. N., Brusentsov, N. A., Kuznetsov, V. D. Nikiforov, V. N. 2005. Synthesis And Investigation Of Magnetic Properties Of Gd-Substituted Mn–Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles As A Potential Low-T C Agent For Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia. Journal Of Magnetism And Magnetic Materials, 293, 298-302. Dougherty, T. J., Gomer, C. J., Henderson, B. W., Jori, G., Kessel, D., Korbelik, M., Moan, J. Peng, Q. 1998. Photodynamic Therapy. Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, 90, 889-905. Gallo, J. Long, N. J. 2015. Nanoparticulate Mri Contrast Agents. The Chemistry Of Molecular Imaging, 199-224. Hurwitz, M. Stauffer, P. Hyperthermia, Radiation And Chemotherapy: The Role Of Heat In Multidisciplinary Cancer Care. Seminars In Oncology, 2014. Elsevier, 714-729. Kim, J. H., Hahn, E. W. Ahmed, S. A. 1982. Combination Hyperthermia And Radiation Therapy For Malignant Melanoma. Cancer, 50, 478-482. Kobayashi, T., Kakimi, K., Nakayama, E. Jimbow, K. 2014. Antitumor Immunity By Magnetic Nanoparticle-Mediated Hyperthermia. Nanomedicine, 9, 1715-1726. Lacroix, L. M., Carrey, J. Respaud, M. 2008. A Frequency-Adjustable Electromagnet For Hyperthermia Measurements On Magnetic Nanoparticles. Rev Sci Instrum, 79, 093909. Ningthoujam, R., Vatsa, R., Kumar, A., Pandey, B., Banerjee, S. Tyagi, A. 2012. Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles: Concepts, Synthesis And Application In Cancer Hyperthermia. Functionalized Materials, 229-260. Pà ©rez-Herrero, E. Fernà ¡ndez-Medarde, A. 2015. Advanced Targeted Therapies In Cancer: Drug Nanocarriers, The Future Of Chemotherapy. European Journal Of Pharmaceutics And Biopharmaceutics, 93, 52-79. Seegenschmiedt, M. Vernon, C. 1995. A Historical Perspective On Hyperthermia In Oncology. Thermoradiotherapy And Thermochemotherapy. Springer. Tashjian, J. A., Dewhirst, M. W., Needham, D. Viglianti, B. L. 2008. Rationale For And Measurement Of Liposomal Drug Delivery With Hyperthermia Using Non-Invasive Imaging Techniques. International Journal Of Hyperthermia, 24, 79-90. Urano, M. 1999. Invited Review: For The Clinical Application Of Thermochemotherapy Given At Mild Temperatures. International Journal Of Hyperthermia, 15, 79-107. Valdagni, R., Liu, F.-F. Kapp, D. S. 1988. Important Prognostic Factors Influencing Outcome Of Combined Radiation And Hyperthermia. International Journal Of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics, 15, 959-972. Vile, R., Russell, S. Lemoine, N. 2000. Cancer Gene Therapy: Hard Lessons And New Courses. Gene Therapy, 7, 2-8. Wust, P., Hildebrandt, B., Sreenivasa, G., Rau, B., Gellermann, J., Riess, H., Felix, R. Schlag, P. 2002. Hyperthermia In Combined Treatment Of Cancer. The Lancet Oncology, 3, 487-497. Xu, X., Ho, W., Zhang, X., Bertrand, N. Farokhzad, O. 2015. Cancer Nanomedicine: From Targeted Delivery To Combination Therapy. Trends In Molecular Medicine, 21, 223-232. 8. Requirements Chemicals Instruments

Schizophrenia Essay -- Schizophrenia Essays

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects about one percent of the population. Generally if you have schizophrenia you cut out of contact with real world reality. The word Schizophrenia is Greek for â€Å"split mind†. It is common belief that a person with schizophrenia or a â€Å"schizo† has a split personality, but actually the person’s thinking, feelings, and behavior are so far from normal that they get to the point where they interfere with their ability to function in everyday life. People who are suffering from schizophrenia think and act in their own world, which sets them apart from the society around them. About one hundred year ago schizophrenia was first recognized as a mental disorder that scientists have been researching sense, hoping to some day find a cure. The exact cause for schizophrenia is still unknown; scientists believe there is more than one cause for the disease. Most people that have this disease accept the fact but are not willin g to receive the necessary treatment, or follow professional advice. To observers, schizophrenia seems like a disease or â€Å"madness† because people who have this disorder behave differently to the people that are considered â€Å"normal.† It impairs a person from doing work, going to school, taking care of themselves or having a social relationship with others. By looking at the symptoms, it is sometimes hard to classify schizophrenia as a disease because it enables those inflicted with it to develop new ways of expressing themselves, such as communication, and creativity. A disease is usually some kind of sickness that leads to death or heavy medication. Scientists believe that schizophrenia may be caused from genetics; this is also under discussion because kids from a parent with schizophrenia don’t always get it. Because of this theory scientists have been studying identical twins, due to the fact that they have the exact same genetic make up. However, evi dence seems to break this theory. This is because in some of the cases both twins have developed schizophrenia, and in others only one twin developed the disorder. Both men and women are just as likely to develop the disorder; generally the males have had more severe symptoms than the females. About ten percent of the people with schizophrenia end their life by committing suicide. Usually schizophrenia develops between the ages of fifteen to thirty. Earlier sympt... ...but it cannot treat other symptoms such as social withdrawal and apathy. Also, there are some side effects to these medications, including dry mouth, blurred vision, muscle spasms or cramps, and tremors. One of the major side affects is tardive dyskinesia, a permanent condition when the lips, mouth, and tongue move without any control. Besides medications and therapies, family intervention programs exist which focus on the families of the schizophrenics instead of the patients themselves. This is particularly useful since family members can learn and understand how to cope with the patient and provide for them a low-stress environment and aiding them as much as possible. Works Cited Eisendrath, Stuart J. "Psychiatric Disorders." In Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 1998, edited by Lawrence M. Tierney Jr., et al. Stamford, CT: Appleton & Lange, 1997. Mental Disorders. Videocassette. Winerip, Michael. "Schizophrenia's Most Zealous Foe." The New York Times Magazine 22 Jan. 1998: 26-29. "Schizophrenia." June 2001. Gale Encyclopedia of Science. 17 Mar. 2004 . "Schizophrenia." Psychiatric Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1989.

All Agreements Are Contracts Essay

1. Introduction Dear students, welcome to the lecture series on Business Regulatory Frame Work. Today we are going to discuss the Indian Contract Act 1872. Before I start my discussion on the contract, I would like to make you aware that the Indian Contract Act 1872 came enforced on the 1st day of the September 1872. It is applicable to whole of the country except the State Jammu & Kashmir. The course related to the law is designed to impart the knowledge to the student so that they are acquaint with the general principles of the law. As you know in our day to day life we come across number of contracts but we are not aware about them. When we board a bus or when we go to see a movie or we lend away book to our friend or when we are depositing the luggage in the railway clock room, the law comes in the picture without understanding the law we will not be able to understand what are the rights and the obligation granted to the individuals. The objective of this course is to provide a brief idea about the frame work of the Indian Business Law. 2. Agreement and Contract Now we will start our discussion on the Indian Contract Act. First of all we should understand what is a contract? Apart from the legal definition if we generally understand the word Contract then we can say that a contract comes into the picture when there is an agreement and when the agreement become enforceable it become a contract. There are two words Agreement and Contract. What is an agreement? Agreement itself comes in the picture when there is an offer and acceptance. Now again if we go into the details of this offer and acceptance then we find that offer is an expression of the desire by one party in front of the other party to do something or not to do something is an offer. Suppose ‘A’ says to the ‘B’ that I would like to sell my car to you in fifty thousand rupees, will you buy? Now here ‘A’ is expressing his desire to the ‘B’ to sell his car so that ‘B’ buy’s it. So offer has to be there and in that offer if there is an acceptance then it becomes an agreement and suppose in the same example ‘B’ says that YES he would like to Page 1 of 9  buy the car of the ‘A’ then it becomes an agreement. Now when there is an  offer and acceptance in a contract it becomes an agreement. So after studying or  analysing how agreement comes into the picture we move on to understand what is a contract? Now to reach at the level of the contract we have to add or we have to incorporate enforceability into it, the law says that until and unless an agreement is not enforceable, it cannot become a contract and to make it enforceable we have to add to certain essentials of a valid contract which are explained in the Section-10 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872. Without  enforceability it will simply remain an agreement it cannot become a contract. So in other words we can say to reach at the level of the contract we must have on the one hand agreement and on the other hand we must have enforceability into it and then it will reach at the level of the contract or it will become a contract. If I say all agreements are not contract but all contracts are agreement because all agreement cannot reach at the stage of the contract because if an agreement is not enforceable in spite of having number of the element of enforceability into it. If it is lacking one element of enforceability, it cannot reach the stage of the contract. Now just to make it a very simple. If I say that you are the student of the B.Com Part-I and if I say that you will become a graduate one day, there is no certainty into it. A student in the part 1 will definitely be a graduate there is no certainty because he may drop the studies in between or he may decide to quit but whomsoever is a graduate or if a student is a B.Com then automatically I will say that he has completed B.Com. Part I. So a student who is B.Com Part I need not to be necessarily be a graduate one day but whomsoever is a graduate was definitely was in B.Com Part I. Meaning thereby, if I relate, B.Com Part 1, with an  agreement and B.Com itself, with a contract. There is a gap between the two like an agreement has to be converted into the contract with enforceability.  We had to add the essential elements in a contract and then it will become a contract. Similarly a student has to pass B.Com Part I, he has to pass B.Com Part II and then he has to pass B.Com Part III or the final year examination then he will become a graduate. If somewhere in between if he leaves the studies or quit the studies, he cannot become a graduate. So we can say all contracts are agreement but all agreements are not contract. 3. Definitions of Agreement and Contract Now I would like to give you the definition of the contract which have been defined in the law. The term contract is defined in section 2(h) of the Indian Contract Act which reads as under: â€Å"An Agreement enforceable by law is a contract†. Now if we analyse the definition we find that whatever I have explained to you earlier is covered in this definition and if we go by the definition of agreement given in the section 2(e) – â€Å"Every promise and every set of promises is forming the consideration for each other is an agreement.† Now if we analyse this definition and I have explained it earlier that agreement or the promise consist of two things offer and acceptance. Let us see the some definition given by the thinkers. Definition given by Mr. Polak â€Å"Every agreement and promise enforceable at law is a contract† and Sir Salmond has defined â€Å"a contract is an agreement creating and defining obligation between the parties. If we analyse the definition given by eminent jurist and the definition given in the Indian Contract Act, we reach on this conclusion that to make an agreement enforceable and then we can enter into a contract. Now the question arises that what are those things which can make an agreement enforceable in the eye of law. Since, we have studied the portion of the agreement very well, that it is made up of two things offer and acceptance. Offer is the expression of the desire by the one party in front of the other party to give an assent and acceptance is the assent given on the offer. 4. Enforceability in an Agreement Now we will move on to the points which bring the enforceability in the agreement and if the enforceability is added it is included it will constitute along with an agreement it will constitute a contract. The first and foremost point which we had discussed is that there has to be an offer and there has to be an acceptance. As you know very well that without two parties or more than two parties we cannot enter into a contract. So in a contract there has to be more than two parties and one party will make an offer to the other party. The other party will give an acceptance on it. This is the fundamental essential to convert or to bring the enforceability in agreement. The second important essential element is that there has to be a free consent between both the parties. Now this particular word free consent is made up of two words consent and it should be free. As I mentioned that each element will be dealt by me later on in great detail therefore I am providing you the brief introduction of these elements. The consent is the meeting of the mind and both the parties agree upon the same thing in a same sense it is said that there is a consent. But it will be free provided it is not caused by or provided the consent is not obtained by cohesion, undue influence, fraud and misrepresentation. In very simple line I will explain coercion meaning thereby if one party forcibly compelling the other party to enter into the contract it is said that coercion has been applied on the other party. For example A by threatening to kill him enters into a contract with him it is said that A has entered into a contract with the B by coercion. Undue influence, whenever there is undue  influence, one party is always in a stronger position and other party is always at a weaker position. The stronger party morally pressurised the weaker party to enter into the contract and weaker party enters into the contract without the free will. It is said the undue influence has been exercised. What is the fraud? The fraud means when one party intentionally or deliberately or with the intention to cheat the other party, to deceive the other party, enters into the contract it is said that fraud has been  exercised by the party and misrepresentation meaning thereby, a statement which is not true but the party making it believe it to be true it is said that misrepresentation have taken place so if we have got the four element if the consent is called by these four element it is said that it is not a free consent and contract enter into by the party without free consent even not having enforceability remember we are now dealing with thos e point which will bring the enforceability with the agreement so that it become a contract. We are here studying the point which will take the agreement to the contract. These points I am discussing, again I am repeating in very very brief manner. The another point which is very important to bring the enforceability is the parties should be competent to enter into the contract. Without going into the details if we say all parties are competent to enter into the contract except the three parties, if we exclude these three parties from the agreement there will be enforceability so  that agreement will become a contract and these parties are if the contract is enter into by the minors and minor is a person who is not having age of 18 if the contract has been enter into by the person of unsound mind it is said that it is not enforceable he is not competent to enter into the contract and if the people debar by law if they enter into the contract since they do not have capacity to enter into the contract it cannot become a contract and they don’t have capacity to enter into the contract. Therefore if we say, if these three people are present in any agreement that agreement cannot become a contract and except these three people if any person enter into the contract that agreement will have enforceability. 5. Lawful Object and Consideration Now I move on to another point that is known as the object of the agreement should be lawful and the consideration which is given should also be lawful. There are two things, object of the contract should be lawful as well as the consideration given to achieve the object should also be lawful. First of all I will take up what do we mean by consideration. Consideration the law says is that something in exchange like if you go to the market to buy 1 kg sugar you give 35 rupees to the shopkeeper and the shopkeeper gives you 1kg sugar. For the shopkeeper, 35  rupees is a consideration and for you, sugar is a consideration. So there is an exchange between the two parties therefore there has to be a consideration but the consideration should be lawful and object of the contract should also be lawful. Now law says what is lawful object? and what is lawful consideration? In the Law has not defined in a positive manner, law have defined that what is unlawful. If the law says if any object and consideration does not fall within these lines then it is automatically lawful object and lawful consideration. Meaning  thereby, we go negatively to explain what is the lawful object? And what is the lawful consideration? Now suppose, ‘A’ says to the ‘B’ that if you will kill the ‘C’ I will give fifty thousand rupees. Now in this example when ‘A’ says to the ‘B’ to kill the ‘C’, the object is not lawful as well as the consideration which is decided to kill the ‘C’ is also not lawful. Therefore the object of the contract should be lawful but I will mention certain points which are declared by the law that they are treated as unlawful therefore they are not applicable or they don’t have any validity in the eye of law. Number one is If it is fraudulent the object of the contract is to do some fraud then it will be treated as the object of the contract is not lawful. For example if ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ together decide and cheat the ‘D’ they make a pl an to cheat ‘D’ or to play a fraud with the ‘D’ it is unlawful and object of the ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ of the plan is unlawful. 6. Objects Forbidden by Law If the object of the contract is forbidden by law, when we say it is forbidden by law meaning thereby the law does not permit that if the object of the contract is forbidden by law then it will not be treated as a point of enforceability in an agreement. For example if ‘A’ having a living  married wife enters into a contract to marry another lady. Now here in this example the object of the contract is forbidden by law and if we dwell upon we will find that it is written in the Hindu law that a person if he is having a married wife living with him cannot marry the another lady. So if the object is forbidden by either by the law or by the state legislation or by the Central Government if they have enacted any law and if it is forbidden and if we try to enters into a contract which is forbidden by law that will be treated as unlawful object. The next point in the unlawful object and  consideration is that if the object is permitted it will defeat the provisions of the some other law and if we take the example we find that suppose in a company it is mentioned that a person if he comes to attend a meeting he will be given 125 rupees for example as a remuneration to attend the meeting and 25 rupees as a allowance. Now if we are giving the allowance with an intention to evade the income tax then it will be treated that object of giving the 25 rupees with an intention of evading the income tax then we can say here also the object of the contract is not lawful and if it is injurious to the other party. If two parties enter into the contract to injure somebody that object is also unlawful and if the object of the contract is immoral. Now the definition of the morality will depend upon the standard of the society but yet if we are promoting the prostitution, that is considered as to be an immoral and if the two parties enters into the contract which promotes the prostitution, that object of the contract is also unlawful but last but not the least heading in the unlawful object and consideration is that it should not be against the public policy. Now public policy is a very wide term. Public policy has been defined by different  is always a situational.  eminent jurist in different manner it Whatever is suitable according to the standard of the  society can be included in the heading of the public policy. We sometime call it that public policy is unruly horse. We can include any heading in the public policy. Like, for example recently the Supreme Court has given a judgement in which they have specifically mentioned that no construction activity will take place in Bombay and other parts of the country after 10 O’clock in the night. Now this decision has been given in the interest of the public policy. If you recall there is a judgement that during the Navratras the dandiyas are not allowed after 10 o’clock in certain states except Gujarat because the Gharba is the festival of the Gujarat. Dandiya is played during that particular period with the great enthusiasm in the Gujarat because it has got an origin in the Gujarat. It originated from the Gujarat. So except Gujarat the Dandiyas will not be played in other part of the country after 10 o’clock. This decision is given in the interest of the public policy. So public policy is a very wider term. Yet we have decided certain heads which are included in the public policy. First is trading with enemy, second is trafficking in the public offices, third is interference with administration of justice, fourth is marriage brokerage contracts, fifth is agreement tending to create interest oppose to duty, sixth agreement in restrain of parental right, seventh agreement restricting personal liberty and the last but not the least is the agreement to commit a crime. So the object of the contract should be lawful and in this point we had studied that what is lawful and it has not been explained but what is unlawful it has been explained. 7. Agreement should not be Declared Void Now we move on to another element which bring the enforceability in an agreement. The heading of that element is that an agreement should not be  specifically declared void. In the law of contract there are certain agreements which are declared by law that they are the void and they cannot be at any rate be converted into the contract and as we know void agreements  are the void from the very beginning.  They cannot be converted into the contract, they are not  enforceable they have no value in the eyes of law. Now for your convenience I will mention the headings of the void agreements.  The first and the foremost is  agreements by person who are not competent to contract (Section-11), agreement under a mutual mistake of fact material to agreement (Section-20), agreement with unlawful consideration or object (Section-23), agreement, the consideration or object of which is unlawful in part (Section-24), agreements without consideration (Section-25), agreement in restrain of marriage (Section-26), agreements in restraint of trade (Section-27), agreement s in restrain of legal proceedings (Section-28), agreement, the meaning of which is uncertain (Section29), wagering agreement (Section-30) and agreement to do impossible act (Section-56). If we look at the list we find that any agreement which is falling under these categories or under any of these categories will be known as the void agreement it cannot be converted into the contract. If I move on to another element of the enforceability and that is the agreement must be certain. When we say the agreement must be certain meaning thereby when offer is made to another party it should have the element of certainty. It should not be weigh. The acceptor or the promisee should not derive the different meaning out of it or it should not be confusing also. For example if ‘A’ says to the ‘B’ that he would like to sell the fifty tins of the oil. Now this offer by ‘A’ to the ‘B’ is uncertain. It is not giving meaning, which oil he would like to sell to ‘B’. Is he would like to sell the coconut oil or he would like to sell the mustard oil. He has not mentioned it, therefore, in  agreement which is expressed or agreement which is given to the other party should be certain and the last point to bring the enforceability is known as that performance of the agreement should not be impossible. For a very simple example if a girl says to a boy that you bring the stars from the sky and then I will marry you. It is impossible act. It can not be converted into the  contract it is lacking the enforceability because we know we can not bring the stars from the sky. If ‘A’ says to the ‘B’ that I will give you 1 lakh rupees if you join the two parallel lines, we know two parallel lines do not meet. Another  example is if ‘A’ says to ‘B’ that he will show the ‘B’ the hidden treasure by magic then it is also an impossible act because by magic we cannot show the hidden treasure. Therefore, these are the elements which has been explained to you if they are available in toto, if they are available as it is in an agreement then it will become a contract.  If one single essential element of this is absent or one  essential element of the valid contract is absent or missing then it cannot become a contract that agreement will simply remain an agreement because it is lacking one of the essential element of enforceability. Therefore to reach at the level of the contract we have to fulfil all these requirements. Therefore we say all  contracts are agreement but all agreements are not contract because to travel  at the stage of the contract, to reach at the stage of the contract we had to have these elements.

Motives for European Expansion 15th and 16th century essays

Motives for European Expansion 15th and 16th century essays Europeans had many reasons to risk their live in a really long voyage across the Atlantic Ocean. Many new technological advancements such as the cannons, new ships, magnetic compass and the astrolabe- helped make the trip something possible. Eventually Captains didnt have the money to afford this. So they had to appeal to kings to sponsor their trip. To get the Monarchs sponsorship of the trip Captains had to somehow appeal to him the idea is worth while. So they had to come up with motives. The ottomans had taken part of practically all the border of East Europe with Asia impeding trade. This meant they had to find an alternative trade route. What they tried then is to go west and find India. There major profits from trading with India were spices... This is what they wanted to from India and also found in America. Spices added flavour and variety to their foods and served as preparation for medicines. Portugal took the lead in the Spice Trade with Prince Henry as a massive sponsor of voyages. Europeans wanted to spread religion. This wasnt the most important reason for the majority. Although for some Kings such as Queen Isabella it was a really important reason. The desire to Christianize Muslims after their attempt to unite Europe under one religion with the 30 years war... The most important reason for European Expansion was clearly wealth. This has been the reason under every movement, war or law made in history. It brought you money and power Spain had under his control more land than any other country except possibly Portugal. Money, material wealth and Trade were the key. Then came the rivalry between the Countries if Portugal came from an expedition with 2 new countries discovered, lots of gold... Then Spain would go in search of 2 bigger countries with more wealth. The Dutch also took part in some expeditions; and created the Dutch East Indian Company which controlled big part of Europeans eco ...

Gay Marriage argument Essays

Gay Marriage argument Essays Gay Marriage argument Essay Gay Marriage argument Essay The issue of legalising cheery matrimony has ever been a affair of great contention in the United States. Many people believe that legalising cheery matrimony is immoral and unconstitutional. Untraditional. unlawful. and unethical are some of the many footings used to depict cheery matrimony. Not all persons feel this manner. The issue has created widespread division both politically and socially. Advocates strongly believe that cheery matrimony is a constitutional right. while the resistance claims it has excessively many societal disadvantages. In present twenty-four hours society the figure of peoples in support of cheery matrimony is higher than of all time. One of the many advocators for pro homosexual matrimony is Evan Wolfson. the laminitis and president of Freedom to Marry. Wolfson presents legion statements for the legalisation of cheery matrimony in his article Without Nationwide Gay Marriage. U. S. Government Discriminates. Using emotional. logical. and legal entreaty. Wolfson presents his statement. Same-sex twosomes should be able to observe their relationships through the bondage of matrimony merely like heterosexual twosomes. Many same-sex twosomes want to get married and they should be able to since it is at that place human right. Evan Wolfson explains it cleanly when he proclaimed Marriage is an of import minute in life when we make a public promise of love and dedication to the individual we are constructing a life with. and inquire our friends and household to back up us and keep us accountable. Couples who have made that committedness in life should hold the same committedness under the jurisprudence ; called matrimony. : It is unfair to free taxpayer citizens of this right. It is societies norm that matrimony should be between a adult male and adult female. but it is non written anyplace within the fundamental law. It is a saddening unfairness to know apart citizens due to their sexual orientation. This is suitably presented when Wolfson writes Under the jurisprudence. matrimony touches every facet of life. from birth to decease. with revenue enhancements in between. Denial of the freedom to get married is one of the harshest inequalities inflicted on sapphic and cheery families- discrimination by their ain government†¦particularly in these tough economic times. The benefits of matrimony should be extended to all person during the present economic state of affairs. Harmonizing to Wolfson. Withholding from these benefits by forestalling same sex matrimony is a premier illustration of favoritism. There is no logical to ground to forestall homosexual matrimony since it has been proven successful. Gay twosomes portion in the freedom to get married in six provinces and the District of Columbia ; the sky hasn’t fallen. Gay matrimony has been proven successful in other parts of the universe along with some of the United States. Same sex matrimony is deriving more and more credence. yet it is discriminated against province and federal authoritiess. The Federal authorities marks homosexual twosomes through the passage of DOMA ( Defense of Marriage Act ) . Wolfstan claims DOMA injuries married same-sex twosomes by keep backing the more than one thousand federal duties and protections accorded all other married twosomes. Benefits such as societal security subsister and wellness coverage are withheld from married twosomes. The fundamental law commands equal justness for all and Wolfson believes its clip to stay by our nation’s written jurisprudence. Although Evan Wolfson nowadayss valid points. there are many holes in his statement. The writer neglects many facets while portraying his ain thoughts. To get down with. why is it necessary to specify a relationship with the rubric of Marriage? If two people of the same sex want to be in a relationship. why non merely be together? The writer claims that Gay twosomes portion in the freedom to get married in six provinces and the District of Columbia ; the sky hasn’t fallen. In the actual sense this statement is true. but what about the rise in divorce rates in the six provinces and District of Columbia? The sky hasn’t fallen. but there may be negative effects to the legalisation of cheery matrimony. Wolfston besides charges the province and federal authoritiess with favoritism against homosexuals. It is the government’s occupation to delight the bulk. and if anti-gay statute law will make that. so be it. If same sex twosomes are offended with province policies. why can’t they move to a different province or state? Wolfson references many appropriate points. but why doesn’t he mention any outside beginnings? Supplying no information from experts in the Fieldss or resources challenges the credibleness of his statement. Marriage is traditionally defined as a brotherhood between a adult male and a adult female. non a adult female and a adult female. or adult male and a adult male. The legalisation of cheery matrimony would do societal and economic hazards that can’t be overlooked. In his article Opinion: Gay matrimony should non be made legal. Ryan Normandin presents legion legitimate grounds as to why cheery matrimony shouldn’t be legalized. Many cheery rights advocators believe that they have the right to get married whomever they want under the equal rights protection clause. but that is surely non the instance. As Normandin explains in his article. They claim that the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment guarantees them the right to get married whomever they desire. including members of the same sex. To prohibit this would. in their heads. be favoritism. But do all people have the right to get married whomever they want already. with the exclusion of same-sex twosomes? No ; provinces have Torahs modulating matrimony. prohibiting first cousins from get marrieding. brothers and sisters from get marrieding. parents and offspring from get marrieding. and people from get marrieding animate beings. inanimate objects. or multiple other persons. The legalisation of cheery matrimony would open legal doors to other signifiers of relationships such as polygamous. incestuous. and other untraditional relationships. By the logic of cheery matrimony. everyone has an equal right to get married whomever or whatever he or she pleases. It is merely suiting that province and federal authoritiess regulate matrimony. he claims. Traditional matrimony is good to the American authorities. which makes it appropriate for twosomes to have revenue enhancement interruptions and legion benefits. Ryan Normnadin explains it best when he literates The principle is that males and females. when married. are more likely to reproduce. therefore guaranting the continuance of American society. It is surely to America’s advantage to hold citizens. so there exists a compelling province involvement warranting authorities subsidisation of heterosexual matrimony. Since traditional matrimony is assisting the United States procreate. it is in the government’s best involvement to subsidise matrimony that is increasing its figure of citizens. Many persons in favour of homosexual rights believe that felicity of same-sex twosomes is adequate a ground for its legalisation. Unfortunately. that is non the instance since happiness is non a compelling adequate statement when weighed against the drawbacks of cheery matrimony. One of the major drawbacks is that same sex twosome can non foster a kid decently. The well being of a kid can non be jeopardized for happiness. Although cheery twosomes can’t reproduce. unreal insemination and acceptance are some options. Although. these statements do non turn out a feasible option because complications can originate. Normandin refers to University of Canterbury professor Bruce J. Ellis to turn out this point. Professor Ellis’s research claims greater exposure to beget absence was strongly associated with elevated hazard for early sexual activity and adolescent gestation. These are hazards that can’t be taken lightly merely to do sapphic twosomes happy. There are besides hazards involved in rearing in respects male twosomes. The writer besides refers to Stanford psychologist Eleanor MacCoby who points out that mothers. on norm. may hold slightly stronger parental instincts’ when it comes to reacting to immature babies. It is of arrant importance for a kid to turn up with both a female parent and male parent. Harmonizing to Normandin’s beliefs. Happiness is non adequate ground to harm the hereafter of infinite kids. Ryan Normandin presents a compelling statement. but there are defects in many of his thoughts. For illustration. the writer compares cheery matrimony to incest and bestiality. Is it truly fair to compare cheery matrimony to such formidable Acts of the Apostless against nature? Bestiality and incest have far more negative effects so gay matrimony. so it is non just to compare them. They inability of homosexual twosomes to reproduce is another point Normandin brings approximately. Although this statement is valid. isn’t unreal insemination a tool that can assist sapphic twosomes reproduce? What about the 1000s of ignored kids male twosomes can salvage? Last. the writer quotes assorted professionals to indicate out that kids of same sex twosomes will hold complications due to an absent male parent or female parent. Studies show that this possibly true. but what about household members that can make full that absent function nowadays in same-sex twosomes? Can’t the grandma or aunt provide maternal attention to a kid of a male twosome? Why can’t a gramps or uncle act as a fatherlike figure for a sapphic couple’s kid? Normandin provided a really compelling statement. but there are minor uncertainties to his thoughts. After analysing both sides of the issue along with my anterior experiences and cognition. cheery matrimony should non be legalized. Both articles made valid points. but Ryan Normandin’s opinionated piece Opinion: Gay matrimony should non be made legal changed my perceptual experience on this issue wholly. Sing matrimony as a governmental issue. non a personal 1. do me recognize that matrimony isn’t merely approximately felicity. Marriage between a adult male and a adult female is good to the authorities. therefore it is allowed. Since same-sex matrimony doesn’t pose benefits. such as reproduction. to the United Sates or its citizens. it is either prohibited or extremely restricted. Reproduction is required for the endurance of any society and legalising cheery matrimony would hold reproducing unimportant. Gay matrimony besides causes desperate effects for the couple’s childs. I have witnessed my co-worker’s merely child. Marshall. with an absentee male parent figure. Due to a losing male parent. Marshall took portion with the incorrect crowd and disregarded all authorization. I have besides witnessed the psychological jobs with childs who are losing a female parent. My cousin. who has two female parents. is socially awkward and lacks basic conversation accomplishments. To guarantee the full wellness of a kid. they need both a female parent and a male parent figure to supply maternally and fatherlike inherent aptitudes. Same sex families are non ideal environments for kids. Another good point that Normandin posed was that the legalisation of cheery matrimony would open doors to other sort of relationships such as polygamy. This would doubtless take to farther deconstruction of matrimony and household. I besides believe same sex matrimony to hold damaging effects on society. A intelligence study I read claimed that legalising cheery matrimony in Scandinavia is linked to the cause of population diminution and higher divorce rates. Numerous researches province that homosexual relationships don’t last long term. The fact that Wolfson did non supply any outside beginnings was another factor that shaped my sentiment. I believe that outside beginnings make an statement much more believable. Challenging cultural. moral. societal values. the disadvantages of cheery matrimony greatly outweigh the advantages. Plants Cited Normandin. Ryan. Gay Marriage Should Not Be Made Legal – The Tech. Gay Marriage Should Not Be Made Legal – The Tech. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 06 July 2011. Web. 08 Sept. 2013. . Wolfson. Evan. Without Nationwide Gay Marriage. U. S. Government Discriminates. US News. U. S. News A ; World Report. 7 Oct. 2011. Web. 08 Sept. 2013. .

Nike Corporation Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nike Corporation Case Study - Essay Example When Nike sets a standard, the industry follows it like a tradition. In the consumer products industry there are two distinct marketing strategies. One is make to sell and the other is make to order. Everyone starts with the make to sell strategy by offering products they think should be bought by consumers. The focus is more on sales than on production. The risk is enormous and the fear of rejection is immense. With passage of time and a better knowledge of preferences manufacturing evolves towards the made to order strategy where the focus shifts to production capability and costs as the demand is now better known and the fear of rejection is almost eliminated. This now opens the avenues of larger markets including globalisation. To become a Global Player critical mass is a must for any multi-national company. This is the evaluation tool to find a company’s capability to survive both financially as well as exponentially. Global Distribution Network and economies of scale are the two key factors for ensuring success. Continuous availability of the product is a very important factor and this is possible by having a competent retail outlet set-up. Equally important is the supply chain and it must be geared up for local supplies at short notices. Lack of these facilities will result in loss of market and inhibit market penetration and dominance. In addition, achieving economies of scale through minimizing manufacturing costs is necessary for manufacturers to meet their financial goals and to erect a barrier for competition to encroach their markets via prices. The success of a business depends on how effectively a company uses its resources and maximizes production as per the market needs to meet its targ ets. In order to maximize one’s own production and profitability in business, it is essential that comprehensive planning on location of its production facilities is done to

Abortion and Womens Rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Abortion and Womens Rights - Research Paper Example A woman, however, is a container for the fetus and without her, the childbirth is not even possible (Shafak, n.p.). She needs to make the decision regarding whether or not she is capable of carrying the child in her womb for a period of 9 months. Every woman must have the right to make the decision regarding abortion depending upon a number of factors like the involvement of the father, financial resources available to her, health implications as well as a matter of mere choice of whether or not she wants the baby and is willing to sacrifice her life to care for her child (Abortion Is Every Woman's Right, n.p.). A woman’s body is her own and thus no other person should be allowed to make the decision regarding what she wants, especially if she is an adult of sound mind, capable of making her own decisions. The right to abortion is a very crucial topic that needs to be discussed and taken care of because it involves the life of an unborn child. It is thus up to the woman to dec ide whether or not she wants to give life to the fetus because she herself will be able to ascertain whether or not she has the potential to do so and carry on with the pregnancy (BBC News). Many times, women fail to gather the support of the men that got them pregnant in the first place; in such a situation, how is it that a woman should not be given the right to carry on with the abortion if she wants to? (Abortion Is Every Woman's Right, n.p.). A woman is a human being too, something that a patriarchal driven society often tends to forget; it is not an easy task to carry on with pregnancy and give birth to a child especially without financial resources and proper nutrition. Unless and until a woman wants to have a child, she should not be forced into doing so because this takes away the rights of not only the mother but also her unborn child (Dreaper, n.p.). A pregnancy does not always have to be planned; in many cases, two people engaging in sexual intercourse while using all th e necessary precaution could still fall short – condoms are not a hundred percent effective and neither are birth control pills and that is why a woman should have the right to decide whether or not she wants to keep the child once pregnant (Dreaper, n.p.). Young couples could get pregnant without having the means to support a child or a plan for the future of the child and in this case, if they deem fit that they should abort the pregnancy, it is their decision. Moreover, if a woman is young and has her entire future ahead of her, she should not lay prey to society to do what is best – she should know what is best for her and take the necessary actions because otherwise, she will have to deal with the consequences (Shafak, n.p.). Pregnancies have a very adverse effect on the body of a woman; they tend to disrupt the normal course of lifestyle for her and there are many changes that she goes through in her body.